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S Frigui1, Y Bourbiaa1, A Mokline2,3

  • 1Service de Biologie Médicale et Banque du Sang, Centre de Traumatologie et des Grands Brûlés, Tunisie.

Annals of Burns and Fire Disasters
|May 31, 2021
PubMed
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Nosocomial bacteremia (NB) in burn patients is a severe infection, often caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. High MDR rates in burn unit patients significantly increase mortality, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Microbiology

Context:

  • Nosocomial bacteremia (NB) poses a significant threat to intensive care unit patients, particularly those with severe burns.
  • The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria exacerbates the poor prognosis associated with NB in burn populations.
  • This study focuses on a 3-year period (2016-2018) within a Tunisian Trauma and Burn Center's Burn Unit.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the clinical and bacteriological characteristics of NB in burn patients.
  • To determine the prevalence, incidence, and common causative agents of NB.
  • To assess antibiotic resistance patterns and the impact of MDR on mortality.

Summary:

  • A retrospective analysis identified 261 NB cases in 216 patients (25.7% prevalence).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Key pathogens included Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.2%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (16.8%), with high resistance rates to common antibiotics.
  • The overall MDR rate was 44%, and mortality due to NB was 25%, with a strong association between MDR and fatal outcomes (p=0.000019).

    • Impact:

    • Findings highlight the critical challenge of MDR pathogens in burn unit infections.
    • Identifies specific high-risk bacteria and resistance patterns relevant for empirical treatment strategies.
    • Emphasizes the link between MDR-NB and increased mortality, underscoring the need for infection control and antibiotic stewardship.