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Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

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Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
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Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview01:22

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Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of cell layers formed. Cell shapes can be squamous (flattened and thin), cuboidal (square-like, as wide as it is tall), or columnar (rectangular, taller than it is wide). Additionally, the nucleus shape helps identify the type of epithelial cells. Squamous cells have flattened disc-shaped nuclei, cuboidal cells have spherical nuclei, and columnar cells have elongated nuclei.
Based on the number of cell layers,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

A 3D Organotypic Melanoma Spheroid Skin Model
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Melanoma pathology: new approaches and classification.

I Yeh1, B C Bastian1

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.

The British Journal of Dermatology
|June 1, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Melanoma is a complex cancer with diverse origins and genetic changes. Understanding these distinct pathways and applying molecular diagnostics aids in accurate classification and treatment of melanocytic tumors.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Cancer arises from accumulated genomic and epigenomic alterations disrupting cellular balance.
  • Melanoma is not a single disease but a spectrum of conditions with varied origins and behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review melanoma classification based on evolutionary pathways and genetic alterations.
  • To discuss the role of molecular diagnostics in diagnosing melanocytic tumors alongside histopathology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature on melanoma classification.
  • Analysis of genetic and epigenomic alterations in different melanoma subtypes.
  • Evaluation of molecular diagnostic techniques for melanocytic tumors.

Main Results:

  • Melanoma subtypes are characterized by distinct genetic alterations and evolutionary trajectories.
  • Molecular diagnostics offer valuable adjuncts to histopathology for precise tumor classification.
  • Understanding these pathways is crucial for targeted therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate melanoma classification relies on integrating histopathology with molecular and genetic insights.
  • Molecular diagnostics are increasingly important for personalized treatment of melanocytic neoplasms.
  • Further research into melanoma's diverse origins will refine diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.