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Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Can Reduce C-Reactive Protein in Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review and
Lei Pan1, Yun Zhou2, Haitao Yin2
1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can reduce C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, a marker of inflammation, in cancer patients. This meta-analysis recommends omega-3 PUFAs for their anti-inflammatory benefits in oncology care.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Nutritional Science
- Inflammation Research
Background:
- Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) exhibit anti-inflammatory properties.
- The impact of omega-3 PUFAs on C-reactive protein (CRP), a systemic inflammation marker, in cancer patients remains unclear.
- A consensus on omega-3 PUFAs' effects on CRP in cancer patients is lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
- To evaluate the effects of omega-3 PUFA administration on CRP levels in cancer patients.
- To determine if omega-3 PUFAs can reduce systemic inflammation in cancer.
Main Methods:
- Searched PubMed and EMBASE databases until May 2020.
- Included 17 randomized controlled trials with 916 cancer patients.
- Calculated standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random-effect and fixed-effect models.
Main Results:
- Omega-3 PUFAs significantly reduced CRP levels in cancer patients (SMD: 0.628, 95% CI: 0.342-0.914).
- Significant heterogeneity was observed among studies (P = 0.000; I² = 74.5%).
- Subgroup and meta-regression analyses did not identify sources of heterogeneity; slight publication bias was noted.
Conclusions:
- Omega-3 PUFAs effectively reduce systemic inflammation, indicated by lower CRP levels in cancer patients.
- The anti-inflammatory properties of omega-3 PUFAs support their recommendation for cancer patients.
- Further research may explore optimal dosing and specific cancer types for omega-3 PUFA intervention.
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