Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Short-distance Transport of Resources

Short-distance Transport of Resources

Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.

Uniform Depth Channel Flow: Problem Solving

Uniform Depth Channel Flow: Problem Solving

To calculate the flow rate for a trapezoidal channel, first, identify the bottom width, side slope, and flow depth of the channel. The cross-sectional area (A) corresponding to the depth of flow (y), channel bottom width (B), and side slope (θ) is determined by:Next, calculate the wetted perimeter, which includes the bottom width and the sloped side lengths in contact with the water. Using the values of the cross-sectional area and the wetted perimeter, determine the hydraulic radius by...

Carrier-Mediated Transport

Carrier-Mediated Transport

Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Concurrent κ light chain proximal tubulopathy and crystal-storing histiocytosis in monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance: a rare case report with 4-year follow-up and literature review.

BMC nephrology·2026

Same author

Cationic carbon nanotube modulates surface fields for general acidic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction with aqueous organic cations.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Anomaly detection and topology identification of distribution network based on conditional variational autoencoder.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

lncRNA-EBLN3P promotes triple-negative breast cancer metastasis via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Discover oncology·2026

Same author

Triptolide enhances lenvatinib sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating CERK-mediated sphingolipid-ferroptosis axis.

International immunopharmacology·2026

Same author

Transient Laser-Shocked Synthesis of Amorphous Layer-Supported Metal Nanocrystals for Efficient Nitrate Reduction.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

Cross-Layer-Aided Opportunistic Routing for Sparse Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks.

Danfeng Zhao¹, Guiyang Lun¹, Rui Xue¹

¹College of Information and Communication Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|June 2, 2021

Summary

A new Cross-Layer-Aided Opportunistic Routing Protocol (CLOR) reduces congestion in underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs). This protocol optimizes forwarder selection and uses burst transmission with network coding for improved performance.

Keywords:

cross-layer routing fuzzy logic network coding opportunistic routing underwater wireless sensor networks

More Related Videos

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Published on: February 6, 2014

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils

Published on: November 18, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Published on: February 6, 2014

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils

In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils

Published on: November 18, 2022

Area of Science:

Oceanography
Computer Science
Network Engineering

Background:

Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) offer an alternative to traditional wireline instruments for ocean monitoring.
Existing routing protocols struggle with the dynamic underwater environment, necessitating adaptive solutions.
Opportunistic Routing (OR) protocols adapt to time-varying channels by establishing routes per transmission.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a Cross-Layer-Aided Opportunistic Routing Protocol (CLOR) for multi-hop sparse UWSNs.
To address and mitigate the congestion problem in UWSNs, particularly at high traffic loads.
To enhance the overall network performance of UWSNs through an optimized routing strategy.

Main Methods:

Developed CLOR, a protocol with distinct negotiation and transmission phases.
Utilized fuzzy logic and cross-layer information during the negotiation phase to select optimal forwarder nodes.
Implemented a burst transmission strategy combined with network coding in the transmission phase to boost performance.

Main Results:

CLOR demonstrated significant improvements in network performance across various traffic rates.
The protocol effectively reduced congestion in simulated multi-hop sparse UWSNs.
Simulation results confirmed CLOR's superiority over existing protocols in underwater environments.

Conclusions:

The proposed CLOR protocol is an effective solution for congestion reduction in UWSNs.
Cross-layer design combined with opportunistic routing and advanced transmission strategies enhances UWSN performance.
CLOR offers a promising approach for reliable underwater data transmission and exploration.