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Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery
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Ethosomes and Transethosomes for Mangiferin Transdermal Delivery
Maddalena Sguizzato1, Francesca Ferrara2, Supandeep Singh Hallan1
1Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy.
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 2, 2021
Summary
Mangiferin, encapsulated in ethosomes and transethosomes, effectively protects skin cells from pollutant-induced damage by delivering antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits. These nanocarriers enhance mangiferin
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Nanotechnology for Drug Delivery
- Dermatology
Background:
- Mangiferin, a natural glucosyl xanthone, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties beneficial for skin health.
- Cutaneous diseases can arise from oxidative stress and inflammation, necessitating effective delivery systems for therapeutic agents.
- Ethosomes and transethosomes are advanced nanocarrier systems designed for enhanced topical drug delivery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and characterize ethosomes and transethosomes as topical delivery systems for mangiferin.
- To evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacy of mangiferin-loaded nanovesicles in vitro.
- To investigate the cellular uptake and protective effects against pollutant-induced skin damage.
Main Methods:
- Preformulation studies with phosphatidylcholine and surfactants.
- Characterization of vesicle size (photon correlation spectroscopy) and morphology (cryogenic transmission electron microscopy).
- Assessment of antioxidant capacity (free radical scavenging), cytotoxicity (MTT assay), mangiferin entrapment (ultracentrifugation, HPLC), and in vitro skin penetration (Franz cell).
- Evaluation of cellular antioxidant (HO-1) and anti-inflammatory (IL-6, NF-kB) responses in HaCaT keratinocytes exposed to cigarette smoke, using RT-PCR and immunofluorescence.
- Analysis of keratinocyte uptake via transmission electron microscopy.
Main Results:
- Ethosomes and transethosomes were successfully formulated, with transethosomes showing faster mangiferin diffusion kinetics.
- Mangiferin-loaded nanovesicles demonstrated significant antioxidant capacity and low cytotoxicity.
- In vitro studies showed that mangiferin-loaded ethosomes and transethosomes effectively protected keratinocytes against cigarette smoke-induced oxidative and inflammatory damage.
- Both nanosystems were efficiently internalized by keratinocytes, remaining intact within the cells.
Conclusions:
- Ethosomes and transethosomes are effective nanocarriers for topical mangiferin delivery, enhancing its therapeutic potential for skin disorders.
- These mangiferin-loaded nanovesicles offer significant protection against pollutant-induced cellular damage through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
- The study highlights the potential of mangiferin-based nanocarriers for developing novel treatments for environmentally-induced skin conditions.
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