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Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Health Economic Review.

Klaas Van Den Heede1,2, Neil S Tolley1,3, Aimee N Di Marco1,3

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Rising differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) diagnoses increase healthcare costs due to overdiagnosis and overtreatment. More health economic studies are needed to analyze costs and find solutions for managing this trend.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is increasing globally.
  • This rise is largely attributed to enhanced detection of asymptomatic thyroid nodules via widespread thyroid ultrasound screening.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the health economic considerations linked to the growing diagnosis and treatment of DTC.
  • To highlight the financial implications of overdiagnosis and overtreatment in DTC management.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing literature on the economic aspects of DTC.
  • Analysis of healthcare costs, patient expenses, and surgical procedure expenses related to DTC.

Main Results:

  • Increased DTC detection leads to overdiagnosis and overtreatment, resulting in more surgeries.
  • Significant increases in healthcare and patient costs are observed, alongside a growing population requiring long-term follow-up.
  • The cost of thyroid surgery shows a consistent year-on-year increase, even after adjusting for inflation.

Conclusions:

  • The rising costs associated with DTC necessitate a deeper understanding of economic factors.
  • Further cost-effectiveness studies and micro-cost analyses are crucial for evaluating DTC-related expenses and informing future healthcare strategies.