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Malignant Tumours Presenting as Chronic Leg or Foot Ulcers
Frédéric Toussaint1, Michael Erdmann1,2, Carola Berking1,2
1Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|June 2, 2021
Summary
Malignant skin tumors presenting as chronic leg or foot ulcers are rare but frequently misdiagnosed. This study highlights the diagnostic challenges and delays in treatment for these rare but serious conditions.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Oncology
- Podiatry
Background:
- Chronic leg and foot ulcers are common clinical presentations.
- Malignant skin neoplasms can mimic benign chronic ulcers, leading to diagnostic delays.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of malignant skin tumors presenting as chronic leg or foot ulcers.
- To analyze the frequency and types of initial misdiagnoses for these cases.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective chart review of lower extremity malignant skin neoplasms.
- Inclusion criteria: tumors presenting as chronic ulcers between January 2010 and February 2020.
- Data collected on tumor type, initial misdiagnosis, and time to correct diagnosis.
Main Results:
- 26 out of 673 cases (3.9%) presented as chronic ulcers.
- 27 malignant tumors identified: 7 melanoma, 8 squamous cell carcinoma, 12 basal cell carcinoma.
- Mean diagnostic delay of 44.4 months; 46% of cases experienced delayed treatment due to misdiagnosis.
Conclusions:
- Malignant ulcers mimicking chronic ulcers are rare but pose significant diagnostic challenges.
- Early recognition and biopsy are crucial to avoid delayed treatment and improve patient outcomes.
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