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Are the Reasons Why Patients Are Referred for an Orthodontic Visit Correct?
Marco Di Blasio1, Benedetta Vaienti1, Giuseppe Pedrazzi2
1University Center of Dentistry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Summary
Dentists and pediatricians often miss skeletal anomalies in young patients, leading to underdiagnosed craniofacial malformations. Early orthodontic consultation is crucial for accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Orthodontics
- Public Health
Background:
- Referral patterns for orthodontic consultations are diverse, with dentists, family, and pediatricians being common sources.
- Existing dental issues are the primary stated reason for orthodontic referrals, but may mask underlying skeletal problems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate referral sources and reasons for orthodontic consultations.
- To compare referral reasons with specialist diagnoses, identifying potential underdiagnosis of craniofacial anomalies.
- To assess diagnostic accuracy for skeletal anomalies among referring healthcare professionals.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional epidemiologic study of 500 young Caucasian patients in northern Italy.
- Analysis of clinical data from orthodontic visits, including dental and skeletal features.
- Comparison of referral reasons with expert orthodontic diagnoses.
Main Results:
- Dentists, relatives/friends, and pediatricians were the primary referral sources.
- While dental irregularities were common referral reasons, approximately 80% were associated with undiagnosed facial dysmorphism.
- Skeletal facial anomalies were frequently underdiagnosed by referring dentists and pediatricians.
Conclusions:
- Early diagnosis of skeletal facial anomalies is critical to prevent severe malformations and complex treatments.
- Findings indicate deficiencies in diagnostic skills for skeletal anomalies among dentists and pediatricians.
- Enhanced training is necessary for healthcare professionals to improve early detection of craniofacial issues.
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