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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...

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Self-Nanoemulsification of Healthy Oils to Enhance the Solubility of Lipophilic Drugs

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pH-Responsive Nanoemulsions Based on a Dynamic Covalent Surfactant.

Gaihuan Ren^1,2, Bo Li¹, Lulu Ren²

¹Textile and Garment Industry of Research Institute, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)

|June 2, 2021

Summary

Researchers developed a pH-responsive surfactant (T-DBA) for creating stable nanoemulsions. This innovation allows for on-demand control of nanoemulsion stability, crucial for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) applications.

Keywords:

dynamic covalent bond nanoemulsions pH-responsive

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Last Updated: Nov 3, 2025

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Colloid and Surface Chemistry
Chemical Engineering

Background:

Solid-free nanoemulsions with tunable properties are essential for advanced applications like enhanced oil recovery (EOR).
Existing emulsifiers often lack the dynamic control needed for responsive systems in complex environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize a novel surfactant with controllable interfacial activity for nanoemulsion formation.
To demonstrate pH-triggered switching of nanoemulsion stability for intelligent process control.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of a surfactant (T-DBA) utilizing dynamic imine bonding between taurine and p-decyloxybenzaldehyde.
Preparation of nanoemulsions using the synthesized T-DBA surfactant.
Investigation of pH-dependent interfacial activity and its effect on nanoemulsion stability.

Main Results:

Successfully synthesized T-DBA, a surfactant with pH-responsive interfacial activity due to dynamic imine bonds.
Demonstrated the formation of stable nanoemulsions using T-DBA as an emulsifier.
Showcased the ability to reversibly switch nanoemulsion stability ('on' and 'off') by altering pH.

Conclusions:

Dynamic imine bonds in surfactants offer a novel mechanism for controlling nanoemulsion stability.
This pH-gated nanoemulsion system holds significant potential for applications in enhanced oil recovery and interfacial reactions.