Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 3, 2025
09:23
Understanding the Impact of Temperate Bacteriophages on Their Lysogens Through Transcriptomics
Published on: January 5, 2024
2.2K
Revisiting Ehrlichia ruminantium Replication Cycle Using Proteomics: The Host and the Bacterium Perspectives
Isabel Marcelino1,2,3, Philippe Holzmuller2,4, Ana Coelho5
1CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, F-97170 Petit-Bourg, Guadeloupe, France.
Microorganisms
|June 2, 2021
Summary
This study reveals how Ehrlichia ruminantium affects host endothelial cells using proteomic analysis. Findings identify key bacterial and host proteins, offering insights into Heartwater disease mechanisms and potential non-antibiotic treatments.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Proteomics
- Cell Biology
Background:
- * Ehrlichia ruminantium causes Heartwater, a severe tick-borne disease in ruminants, damaging vascular endothelium.
- * The precise mechanisms of E. ruminantium pathogenesis remain poorly understood.
- * Understanding host-pathogen interactions is crucial for developing effective control strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To investigate the proteomic changes in host endothelial cells during E. ruminantium infection.
- * To elucidate the dynamics of bacterial and host protein expression during the intracellular replication cycle.
- * To identify potential biomarkers for Heartwater diagnosis and therapeutic targets.
Main Methods:
- * Quantitative proteomic analysis using 2D-DIGE-MS/MS, 1DE-nanoLC-MS/MS, and biotin-nanoUPLC-MS/MS.
- * Analysis of bovine aorta endothelial cells (BAE) infected with E. ruminantium in vitro.
- * Bioinformatic analysis using Cystoscape to map protein interaction networks.
Main Results:
- * Detected 265 bacterial proteins, including virulence factors, throughout the replication cycle, indicating dynamic host-pathogen interaction.
- * Identified 433 differentially expressed host proteins, with significant changes in immune response, metabolism, and vesicle trafficking pathways.
- * Highlighted the involvement of inflammation-related proteins in the host cell response to infection.
Conclusions:
- * Developed the first in vitro model of E. ruminantium infection in host cells.
- * Identified potential protein biomarkers (ROCK1, TMEM16K, Albumin, PTPN1) for E. ruminantium infection in endothelial cells.
- * Findings support the development of novel, non-antibiotic therapeutic strategies against Heartwater disease.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle
604
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
604
01:16Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle
592
The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects...
592
00:43Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages
64.7K
In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
64.7K
02:35Replication in Prokaryotes
93.2K
Overview
93.2K
01:26DNA Bacteriophages
343
Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
343
01:30Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages
73.8K
Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
73.8K