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Tough Bioinspired Composites That Self-Report Damage.

Tommaso Magrini1, Derek Kiebala2, Dominique Grimm1

  • 1Complex Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland.

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|June 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces bioinspired composites that change fluorescence color to signal damage, enabling early detection in lightweight structural materials. This technology enhances safety and fracture analysis in load-bearing applications.

Keywords:
bioinspirationbioinspired compositesdamage reportingfracture mechanicshierarchical structuremechanical propertiesnacre-like materials

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Lightweight composite materials are increasingly used in structural applications, necessitating advanced damage monitoring.
  • Existing molecular mechanochromic strategies for polymers have not been applied to bioinspired composites for load-bearing uses.
  • Ensuring the safety and reliability of these composites requires effective damage detection methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop bioinspired laminates with integrated damage-reporting capabilities.
  • To combine optical translucency, high fracture toughness, and self-reporting of damage in composites.
  • To establish a reliable method for early damage detection in structural composites.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of bioinspired laminates with alternating polymer and nacre-like layers.
  • Incorporation of mechanophore molecules within the polymer phase to enable fluorescence response.
  • Quantitative correlation of applied strain with fluorescence intensity.
  • Optical imaging for localized damage detection in mechanically loaded composites.

Main Results:

  • Successful development of bioinspired laminates exhibiting optical translucency and high fracture toughness.
  • Demonstration of damage signaling through fluorescence color change upon force activation of mechanophores.
  • Establishment of a quantitative relationship between applied strain and fluorescence intensity.
  • Localized detection of pre-fracture damage using optical imaging of the composites.

Conclusions:

  • The developed fluorescence-based self-reporting mechanism provides a promising approach for early damage detection in lightweight structural composites.
  • This technology can enhance the safety and monitoring of composite materials in critical applications.
  • The system serves as a valuable tool for analyzing fracture processes in bulk transparent materials.