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[New-onset diabetes and novel targeted therapies against cancer]

Alessandro Zordan1, Christophe Kosinski1, Khalil Zaman2

  • 1Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et métabolisme, CHUV, 1011 Lausanne.

Revue Medicale Suisse
|June 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Novel cancer therapies targeting specific pathways can disrupt glucose metabolism, leading to new-onset diabetes and hyperglycemia. This review covers diagnosis, management, and prognosis of these glycemic dysfunctions.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Systemic cancer therapies increasingly target specific carcinogenic signaling pathways.
  • These targeted therapies can interfere with glucose metabolism, causing glycemic homeostasis disorders.
  • Potential complications include glucose intolerance, diabetes, and severe hyperglycemia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the frequency, pathophysiology, and management of glycemic dysfunction in patients receiving novel systemic cancer therapies.
  • To provide guidance on diagnostic, therapeutic, monitoring, and prognostic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on novel cancer therapies and glycemic dysfunctions.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms linking targeted therapies to metabolic changes.
  • Synthesis of current clinical guidelines for managing hyperglycemia in cancer patients.

Main Results:

  • Novel cancer therapies are associated with an increased risk of new-onset diabetes and hyperglycemia.
  • Pathophysiological mechanisms involve the blockade of pathways crucial for glucose metabolism.
  • Effective management requires a multidisciplinary approach, including early detection and tailored treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Glycemic dysfunction is a significant concern in patients undergoing novel cancer treatments.
  • Proactive monitoring and management are essential to mitigate risks and improve patient outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to optimize therapeutic strategies for these patients.

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