Applications of three-dimensional printers in prosthetic dentistry

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Engineering
• Dental Technology
• Additive Manufacturing

Background:

• Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology is rapidly evolving.
• Its application in dentistry, particularly for prostheses, warrants comprehensive review.
• Assessing the clinical viability of 3D-printed dental materials is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent studies and case reports on 3D printing in dental prosthetics.
• To evaluate the current applicability of 3D printers for various dental prostheses.
• To identify areas requiring further research and verification.

Main Methods:

• A narrative review methodology was employed.
• Literature search conducted using PubMed database.
• Analysis of studies and case reports on 3D printing applications in dental prostheses.

Main Results:

• Fabrication of cobalt-chromium prostheses using 3D printing is potentially feasible, dependent on material and hardware.
• Clinical use of 3D-printed zirconia crowns requires further verification regarding materials, margin morphology, and hardware.
• Clinically acceptable results reported for 3D-printed patterns and interim restorations.
• 3D-printed dentures require further verification for strength and deformation.
• 3D-printed custom trays are clinically useful, but design efficiency needs improvement.

Conclusions:

• 3D printing demonstrates potential for various dental prostheses, including patterns, interim restorations, and custom trays.
• Significant further research and verification are necessary for widespread clinical adoption, especially for zirconia crowns and dentures.
• Continued technological advancements and material science research are essential for optimizing 3D printing in prosthodontics.