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Heralded entanglement distribution between two absorptive quantum memories.

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  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

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Researchers demonstrated heralded entanglement distribution between absorptive quantum memories, a crucial step for building practical quantum repeaters. This advance overcomes limitations of previous methods, paving the way for high-speed quantum networks.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Communication

Background:

  • Entanglement distribution is limited by channel loss, restricting ground-based communication to ~100 km.
  • Quantum repeaters, using quantum memory and entanglement swapping, are proposed to overcome distance limitations.
  • Existing quantum repeater elementary links use built-in quantum memories, facing trade-offs between multiplexing and determinism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate heralded entanglement distribution between absorptive quantum memories.
  • To overcome the limitations of built-in quantum memories in quantum repeater elementary links.
  • To enable the development of efficient and practical quantum repeaters.

Main Methods:

  • Constructed two quantum nodes, each with a polarization-entangled photon-pair source and a solid-state absorptive quantum memory (1 GHz bandwidth).
  • Separated the nodes by 3.5 meters.
  • Performed a joint Bell-state measurement in a middle station to herald entanglement distribution.

Main Results:

  • Successfully achieved heralded entanglement distribution between the two remote absorptive quantum memories.
  • Attained a fidelity of 80.4 ± 2.2% for the distributed entangled states.
  • Demonstrated a functional elementary link for a quantum repeater.

Conclusions:

  • The demonstrated system, using absorptive quantum memories, overcomes limitations of previous approaches.
  • Wideband absorptive quantum memories are compatible with deterministic entanglement sources and support multiplexing.
  • This work paves the way for practical solid-state quantum repeaters and high-speed quantum networks.