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Related Concept Videos

Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

6.2K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
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Hearing01:31

Hearing

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

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The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
720
Anatomy of the Ear01:16

Anatomy of the Ear

9.5K
Auditory sensation, commonly called hearing, involves the transformation of sonic waves into neural impulses facilitated by the structures of the auditory organ. The prominent, flesh-like structure on the side of the head, called the auricle, directs sound waves towards the auditory canal. The auricle is often mislabeled as the pinna, a term more aligned with mobile structures like a feline's external ear. The auditory canal penetrates the cranium via the external auditory meatus of the...
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Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

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Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Data Acquisition and Analysis In Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry In Mice
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Cannabinoid Signaling in Auditory Function and Development.

Sumana Ghosh1, Kendra Stansak1, Bradley J Walters1,2

  • 1Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States.

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
|June 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cannabinoid signaling, involving the endocannabinoid system (ECS), plays a crucial role in auditory function. Research indicates its importance for cochlear hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons, though more study is needed.

Keywords:
cannabinoidcochleahair cellhearinghearing—drug effectsotoprotectionspiral ganglion

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Science
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cannabis-derived phytocannabinoids and endogenous endocannabinoids are key components of the endocannabinoid system (ECS).
  • The ECS comprises ligands (anandamide, 2-arachidonyl glycerol), receptors (CB1, CB2), and enzymes (DAGL, MAGL).
  • While ECS signaling in the central nervous system is well-studied, its role in the auditory system is less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge of cannabinoid signaling within the auditory system.
  • To highlight the role of the ECS in auditory physiology and pathology.
  • To identify areas requiring further research, particularly concerning SGN development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on cannabinoid signaling in the auditory system.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the ECS components and their functions in auditory structures.
  • Synthesis of evidence from both preclinical and clinical observations.

Main Results:

  • Cannabinoid signaling is essential for the development, maturation, function, and survival of cochlear hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons.
  • The ECS influences synaptic connectivity in central auditory processing pathways.
  • Endogenous and exogenous cannabinoids demonstrably affect auditory function.

Conclusions:

  • Cannabinoid signaling is a critical factor in the normal functioning of the auditory system.
  • Further investigation into the ECS, especially in SGN development, is warranted.
  • Understanding cannabinoid signaling may offer new therapeutic avenues for auditory disorders.