Gadolinium Concentrations in Biological Matrices From Patients Exposed to Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents.

Area of Science:

• Toxicology
• Radiology
• Pharmacokinetics

Background:

• Increasing evidence suggests gadolinium (Gd) retention in patients with normal renal function after exposure to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs).
• Concerns about potential "Gd toxicity" prompt clinical assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess clinical data and biological samples from patients referred for evaluation of potential "Gd toxicity" after GBCA exposure.
• To measure Gd concentrations in biological matrices and correlate findings with clinical status.

Main Methods:

• Clinical assessment by a toxicologist for 19 patients with prior GBCA exposure.
• Measurement of Gd concentrations in whole blood, plasma, and urine using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
• Correlation analysis of Gd concentrations with time since exposure and between different biological matrices.

Main Results:

• Detectable Gd concentrations found in 69.2% of whole blood, 78.6% of plasma, and 95.2% of urine samples.
• Positive correlations observed between Gd concentrations in whole blood, plasma, and urine.
• Negative correlations found between Gd concentrations and the time elapsed since GBCA exposure.

Conclusions:

• Detectable Gd concentrations are present in biological samples from patients with normal renal function after GBCA exposure.
• No clinical features of "Gd toxicity" were identified in the evaluated cohort.
• Further research is needed to understand the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and clinical significance of Gd retention.