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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 3, 2025

Mesocosm-Scale Constructed Wetland Design for Wastewater Treatment
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Natural climate solutions for Canada.

C Ronnie Drever1, Susan C Cook-Patton2,3, Fardausi Akhter4

  • 1Nature United, Ottawa, ON, Canada. cdrever@tnc.org.

Science Advances
|June 5, 2021
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Natural climate solutions (NCS) offer significant emission reduction potential for Canada. These nature-based strategies can help Canada meet its climate goals, providing substantial carbon mitigation by 2030.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Climate Change Mitigation
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Achieving climate targets requires substantial reductions in fossil fuel emissions.
  • Natural Climate Solutions (NCS) are recognized as crucial, readily deployable options for climate mitigation.
  • NCS offer multiple environmental and economic co-benefits beyond carbon sequestration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the mitigation potential of 24 distinct Natural Climate Solutions in Canada.
  • To assess the economic viability of NCS, particularly the cost per megagram of CO2 equivalent.
  • To evaluate the contribution of NCS to Canada's national and international climate commitments.

Main Methods:

  • Estimation of mitigation potential for 24 NCS categories, including protection, management, and restoration of natural systems.
  • Analysis of co-benefits such as soil productivity, air and water quality, and biodiversity.
  • Economic assessment of mitigation potential, identifying options available at or below CAD 50/Mg CO2e.

Main Results:

  • NCS can provide up to 78.2 Tg CO2e/year mitigation by 2030, with a cumulative potential of 394.4 Tg CO2e between 2021-2030.
  • 34% of the identified mitigation potential is available at a cost of ≤CAD 50/Mg CO2e.
  • Key NCS opportunities include avoided grassland conversion, peatland protection, cover crops, and improved forest management.

Conclusions:

  • Natural Climate Solutions represent a significant and cost-effective pathway for Canada to achieve its emission reduction targets.
  • Integrating NCS with existing mitigation strategies can enable Canada to meet or surpass its commitments under the Paris Agreement.
  • NCS provide a suite of environmental co-benefits, enhancing overall ecosystem health and societal well-being.