Synthesis-temperature-regulated multi-enzyme-mimicking activities of ceria nanozymes

Ceria (CeO₂) nanozymes have drawn much attention in recent years due to their unique physiochemical properties and excellent biocompatibility. It is therefore very important to establish a simple and robust guideline to regulate CeO₂ with desired multi-enzyme-mimicking activities that are ideal for practical bioapplications. In this work, the multi-enzyme-mimicking activities of CeO₂ were regulated in a facile manner by a wet-chemical method with different synthesis temperatures. Interestingly, a distinct response in multi-enzyme-mimicking activities of CeO₂ was observed towards different synthesis temperatures. And the regulation was ascribed to the comprehensive effect of the oxygen species, size, and self-restoring abilities of CeO₂. This study demonstrates that high-performance CeO₂ can be rationally designed by a specific synthesis temperature, and the guidelines from radar chart analysis established here can advance the biomedical applications of ceria-based nanozymes.