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Environmental Applications of Microorganisms01:30

Environmental Applications of Microorganisms

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Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
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Microbial whole-cell biosensors: Current applications, challenges, and future perspectives.

Michael Moraskie1, Md Harun Or Roshid2, Gregory O'Connor1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA; The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute - BioNIUM, University of Miami, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.

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|June 7, 2021
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Summary

Microbial whole-cell biosensors (MWCBs) offer a low-cost, versatile method for detecting analytes. This review highlights their principles, applications, and challenges for broader industrial use.

Keywords:
Biomedical diagnosticsEnvironmental and agricultural monitoringLiving cellsMicrobial whole-cell biosensorReporter proteinSynthetic biology

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biosensor Technology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Microbial Whole-Cell Biosensors (MWCBs) leverage microbial species to detect target analytes by modulating reporter protein production.
  • These biosensors provide a quantifiable signal for analyte levels, offering a cost-effective alternative to traditional analytical instruments.
  • MWCBs are adaptable for diverse applications, including biomedical, environmental, and agricultural monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of the working principles of MWCBs.
  • To highlight recent developments and diverse applications of MWCBs across various fields.
  • To critically assess the challenges hindering industrial adoption and discuss ongoing efforts to overcome them.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Microbial Whole-Cell Biosensors.
  • Analysis of technological advancements enabling MWCB development.
  • Discussion of case studies and implementation strategies for MWCBs.

Main Results:

  • MWCBs demonstrate significant potential for cost-effective and versatile analyte detection.
  • Advancements in biological and technological capabilities are driving rapid development in MWCBs.
  • Challenges remain in transitioning MWCBs from laboratory settings to industrialized applications.

Conclusions:

  • MWCBs are a rapidly evolving technology with broad applicability in monitoring and sensing.
  • Addressing current challenges is crucial for the widespread industrial implementation of MWCBs.
  • Future implementations of MWCBs promise to expand the possibilities of analyte detection in various environments.