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Vitamin D and left ventricular dysfunction in pediatric dialysis patients; a tissue doppler study
Seham M Ramadan1, Hadeel M Abdelrahman2, Nashwa M Al Azizi3
1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt - Dr.sehaaam@gmail.com.
Insights
Pediatric dialysis patients show impaired cardiac function, particularly diastolic function, linked to vitamin D deficiency and abnormal calcium/phosphate metabolism. Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) and vitamin D assessment are recommended for routine follow-up.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Children undergoing regular hemodialysis often experience impaired left ventricular (LV) function.
- This dysfunction may be associated with altered vitamin D levels and disturbances in calcium and phosphate metabolism.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess left ventricular function in pediatric dialysis patients.
- To explore the association between LV function, vitamin D levels, and markers of calcium and phosphate metabolism.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 40 pediatric hemodialysis patients and 40 healthy controls.
- Echocardiographic evaluation using conventional and Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI).
- Analysis of vitamin D and its markers to assess correlation with ventricular dysfunction.
Main Results:
- Hemodialysis patients exhibited significantly impaired diastolic function compared to controls, indicated by altered mitral inflow and annular velocities.
- A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was observed in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) participants.
- Left ventricular dysfunction correlated significantly with vitamin D deficiency and hyperparathyroidism.
Conclusions:
- Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) effectively reflects LV diastolic function in pediatric dialysis patients.
- Vitamin D deficiency is substantially linked to worsening LV dysfunction.
- Routine follow-up for pediatric dialysis patients should consider TDI and vitamin D assessment.
Background:
Assessment of the left ventricular function in the dialysis children and explore its association with vitamin D level and markers reflecting calcium and phosphate metabolism.
Methods:
In this case-control study, we enrolled forty children on regular hemodialysis and forty healthy controls from July 2019 to March 2020 at the pediatric dialysis unit. Echocardiographic evaluation using both conventional and Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) was done for all subjects. Vitamin D and its markers were analyzed to assess its association with ventricular dysfunction.
Results:
Diastolic function in children on hemodialysis was significantly impaired as evidenced by lower Mitral E/A velocity ratio (E/A), lower early diastolic velocity (E'), and higher E/E' ratio (Ratio of early diastolic mitral inflow velocity (measured by pulsed wave traditional Doppler) to early diastolic mitral annular velocity (measured by Tissue Doppler). in comparison with the controls. Most end stage renal disease (ESRD) participants had vitamin D deficiency. There was an important correlation between left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and both Vitamin D deficiency and hyperparathyroidism. Although our patients had normal systolic function by conventional and Tissue Doppler echocardiographic study, mean values of TDI- MPI (Mean Performance Index) in the haemodialysis group were significantly higher than in the control group, which indicates impaired global cardiac systolic and diastolic function.
Conclusions:
Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) provides a good reflection of the LV diastolic function. As vitamin D deficiency has been substantially associated with worsening of LV dysfunction, we suggest that TDI and Vitamin D might be included in the routine follow-up of pediatric dialysis patients.
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