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The role of Nrf2 in autoimmunity and infectious disease: Therapeutic possibilities

Robert A Freeborn1, Cheryl E Rockwell2

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.

Advances in Pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.)
|June 8, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a key role in protecting against oxidative stress and inflammation. This review explores Nrf2

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor known for cytoprotective functions against oxidative stress and toxic insults.
  • Emerging evidence highlights Nrf2's significant immunomodulatory roles in various immune and inflammatory conditions.
  • Nrf2 exerts its effects through diverse molecular pathways, influencing both cellular and host protection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on the involvement of Nrf2 in autoimmune diseases.
  • To examine the role of Nrf2 in infectious diseases.
  • To evaluate the therapeutic potential of targeting Nrf2 for immune-related disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of studies investigating Nrf2 in autoimmunity and infectious diseases.
  • Analysis of research detailing Nrf2's molecular mechanisms in immune regulation.
  • Synthesis of findings to assess Nrf2 as a therapeutic target.

Main Results:

  • Nrf2 demonstrates protective effects in multiple models of autoimmunity.
  • Nrf2 influences the immune response in various infectious diseases, with context-dependent outcomes.
  • The immunomodulatory functions of Nrf2 are mediated through distinct signaling pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Nrf2 is a critical regulator of immune responses and holds therapeutic promise for autoimmune and infectious diseases.
  • Understanding the specific pathways utilized by Nrf2 is essential for developing targeted therapies.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate and exploit Nrf2's therapeutic potential.
Keywords:
AutoimmunityCDDODimethyl fumarateInfectious diseaseInflammationNrf2

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