Transforming absolute value to categorical choice in primate superior colliculus during value-based decision making

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Decision Science
• Primate Behavior

Background:

• Value-based decision making is crucial for survival and economic behavior.
• Neural mechanisms linking value representation to action selection remain poorly understood.
• The superior colliculus (SC) is implicated in sensorimotor control and decision making.

Purpose of the Study:

• To elucidate the neural mechanisms by which multiple value options are converted into motor actions.
• To investigate the role of the superior colliculus (SC) in value-based decision making.
• To dissociate value representation from choice in a foraging task.

Main Methods:

• Developed a multi-value foraging task in non-human primates.
• Utilized eye movements to dissociate value and choice.
• Performed electrophysiological recordings in the midbrain superior colliculus (SC).
• Used microstimulation of SC neurons to probe choice biases.

Main Results:

• SC neurons encoded 'absolute' value, independent of other available options.
• SC neurons represented a value threshold modulated by available options.
• Electrical stimulation of SC neurons biased choices consistent with value-threshold differences.
• Demonstrated a direct transformation of absolute values to categorical choices within the SC.

Conclusions:

• The superior colliculus (SC) plays a critical role in transforming value representations into categorical choices.
• This neural mechanism supports efficient value-based decision making.
• Findings have implications for understanding real-world economic behaviors and neurological disorders affecting decision making.