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Punitive Social Policy and Vital Inequality
Elias Nosrati1, Lawrence P King2
1Merton College, 6396University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Summary
High prison incarceration rates significantly worsen population health and increase premature death risks, particularly in the US. This carceral state expansion amplifies geographical health inequalities, impacting life chances across communities.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Criminology
Background:
- Geographical disparities in health outcomes are stark in the United States.
- The root causes of these spatial health variations are not well understood.
- Existing research often overlooks the impact of the carceral state on population health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the driving forces behind geographical inequalities in population health.
- To assess theoretically informed hypotheses regarding spatial heterogeneity in health outcomes.
- To examine the role of prison incarceration as a determinant of premature death.
Main Methods:
- Utilized county-level panel data, including previously unavailable information.
- Employed a compound instrumentation technique to isolate exogenous variation.
- Analyzed the relationship between imprisonment rates and population-wide mortality risks.
Main Results:
- High imprisonment rates are a significant factor increasing the risk of premature death.
- Prison incarceration emerged as a key, previously neglected, determinant of population health disparities.
- The study found a substantial link between carceral state expansion and increased mortality.
Conclusions:
- The rise of the carceral state contributes to amplified, geographically anchored inequalities in life chances.
- Policy implications include addressing mass incarceration's impact on public health.
- Understanding the political economy of health requires considering the effects of imprisonment on community well-being.
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