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Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

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Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
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General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

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Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
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Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

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Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
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Stages of General Anesthesia01:22

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Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...
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Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management

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Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
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Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview01:20

Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

639
Inhalation anesthetics are drugs that induce general anesthesia upon inhalation. They work by increasing the sensitivity of GABAA receptors or inhibiting NMDA receptors, leading to a decrease in central nervous system activity. The depth of anesthesia can be rapidly adjusted by changing the concentration of the inhaled gas. Some common examples of inhalational anesthetics include volatile liquids like isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane and gases like xenon and nitrous oxide. Isoflurane, a...
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Related Experiment Video

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A Murine Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
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Anesthesia for Obstetric Disasters.

Kristen L Fardelmann1, Aymen Awad Alian1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, PO Box 208051, New Haven, CT 06520-8051, USA.

Advances in Anesthesia
|June 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Maternal mortality is rising due to obstetric emergencies and anesthesia complications. Prompt obstetric anesthesiologist intervention is crucial for improving maternal and fetal outcomes.

Keywords:
Amniotic fluid embolismHELLP syndromeHigh neuraxial blockadeLocal anesthetic systemic toxicityMaternal cardiac arrestMaternal mortalityPostpartum hemorrhage

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Obstetrics
  • Maternal Health

Background:

  • Maternal mortality has increased in the US over the last 30 years, reaching 18 deaths per 100,000 live births.
  • Obstetric emergencies (hemorrhage, hypertensive disorders, HELLP syndrome, amniotic fluid embolism) and anesthesia complications (high neuraxial blockade, local anesthetic systemic toxicity, difficult airway) are significant contributors.
  • These critical events can lead to maternal cardiac arrest, morbidity, and mortality, impacting both mother and fetus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical role of obstetric anesthesiologists in managing emergent maternal scenarios.
  • To emphasize the importance of understanding and applying best practices in obstetric anesthesia.
  • To underscore the need for expeditious intervention to improve maternal and fetal outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a review of current literature and clinical practices in obstetric anesthesia.
  • It synthesizes information on common obstetric emergencies and their anesthetic implications.
  • Focuses on the critical timing and nature of interventions required.

Main Results:

  • Obstetric emergencies and anesthesia complications are leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality.
  • The anesthesiologist's rapid and skilled intervention is a key determinant of patient survival and well-being.
  • Knowledge of evidence-based best practices is essential for effective management.

Conclusions:

  • Expeditious intervention by obstetric anesthesiologists is vital for mitigating maternal mortality and morbidity.
  • Continuous education and adherence to best practices in obstetric anesthesia are necessary.
  • Improving maternal and fetal outcomes requires a coordinated and knowledgeable approach to emergent obstetric care.