Direct to consumer genetic and genomic testing with associated implications for advanced nursing practice

Area of Science:

• Genetics
• Genomics
• Consumer Health

Background:

• Direct-to-consumer genetic and genomic testing (DTCGT) provides consumers access to their genetic information for various purposes.
• Limited exposure to DTCGT and lack of healthcare provider (HCP) consultation can lead to patient anxiety and misinterpretation of results.
• A knowledge gap exists regarding HCPs' accuracy in interpreting and communicating genetic test results compared to genetic specialists.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight the importance of healthcare provider (HCP) competence in interpreting and communicating direct-to-consumer genetic and genomic testing (DTCGT) results.
• To emphasize the need for HCPs to understand DTCGT implications for patient health promotion and quality of life.
• To underscore the necessity for HCPs to be prepared for patient consultations regarding DTCGT results and potential referrals.

Main Methods:

• Literature review on direct-to-consumer genetic and genomic testing (DTCGT).
• Analysis of the role of healthcare providers (HCPs) in interpreting and communicating genetic information.
• Examination of patient anxiety and knowledge gaps related to DTCGT results.

Main Results:

• Genetic and genomic information is advancing rapidly in healthcare, identifying at-risk patients and improving outcomes.
• HCPs require awareness of DTCGT recommendations and implications to effectively counsel patients.
• Competence in interpreting DTCGT results is crucial for HCPs to guide further testing or specialist referrals.

Conclusions:

• Appropriate use and understanding of limitations of genetic and genomic testing are vital for HCPs.
• HCPs must be prepared to counsel patients with DTCGT results, ensuring informed health decisions.
• Effective HCP communication and interpretation of DTCGT are essential for patient well-being and quality of life.