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Related Concept Videos

Endotracheal Tube Extubation01:24

Endotracheal Tube Extubation

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Endotracheal tube extubation is a critical procedure in weaning patients from mechanical ventilation. It involves physically removing the oral or nasal endotracheal (ET) tube, marking the final step in liberating a patient from ventilatory support.
Procedure
Extubation removes the endotracheal tube (ETT) from the patient on mechanical ventilation. It requires a well-coordinated, multidisciplinary approach involving physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other healthcare professionals....
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Endotracheal Intubation II: Nursing Management01:17

Endotracheal Intubation II: Nursing Management

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Endotracheal intubation is a critical procedure that can be lifesaving for many patients with respiratory distress or failure. The role of nursing in managing endotracheal tubes is pivotal, as it involves pre-intubation preparation, assisting during the procedure, and post-extubation care.
1. Nursing Care of Patients Before Intubation
Before the endotracheal intubation procedure, nurses play an essential role in ensuring the process goes smoothly. The nurses must be familiar with intubation...
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Endotracheal Intubation I: Procedure01:15

Endotracheal Intubation I: Procedure

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Endotracheal or ET intubation is a critical medical procedure used to secure a patient's airway, often in acute respiratory distress, apnea, upper airway obstruction, ineffective clearance of secretions, high risk for aspiration, or during general anesthesia.
The ET tube comprises various components, including a standard adaptor to attach a bag-valve-mask (BVM) or ventilator, a cuff, a pilot balloon, and radiopaque markings along its length to measure the insertion distance. The tube sizes...
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Tracheostomy Decannulation01:21

Tracheostomy Decannulation

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Tracheostomy decannulation is a significant milestone in the liberation of mechanically ventilated patients. Despite its importance, there is no universally accepted protocol for this procedure. This demands an evidence-based, individualized approach.
Description of the Procedure
Decannulation refers to the permanent removal of the tracheostomy tube, signaling the resolution of the condition that initially necessitated the tracheostomy. The process requires a well-coordinated interplay between...
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Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes01:28

Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes

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A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening into the trachea, typically at the second or third cartilaginous ring level. This opening allows the insertion of a tracheostomy tube, which can replace an endotracheal tube, provide mechanical ventilation, bypass an upper airway obstruction, or remove accumulated tracheobronchial secretions.
Tracheostomy tubes can be made of semiflexible plastic (polyurethane or silicone), rigid plastic, or metal, and they come in...
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Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen01:16

Oxygen Delivering System II: Venturi Mask and Transtracheal Oxygen

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Oxygen therapy is a pivotal aspect of medical care, particularly for patients with respiratory ailments. Two prominent oxygen-delivering systems include the Venturi mask and the transtracheal oxygen catheter.
Venturi Mask
The Venturi mask, named after the Venturi effect, is designed to deliver precise oxygen concentrations. It consists of a large tube with an oxygen inlet that narrows down, causing a pressure drop that pulls air in through adjustable side ports. The mask is a lightweight,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 2, 2025

A Structured Approach to Extubation in Mechanically Ventilated Rats
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A Structured Approach to Extubation in Mechanically Ventilated Rats

Published on: July 18, 2025

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Neonatal unplanned extubations: an unsolved safety issue.

Diana K Segura-Ramírez1, Sara Fernández-Castiñeira1, Diana C Gualotuña-Maigua1

  • 1Servicio de Neonatología del Área de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, España.

Boletin Medico Del Hospital Infantil De Mexico
|June 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Unplanned extubations in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are common but decreasing. Low birth weight and sedation during mechanical ventilation are key risk factors for these safety events.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal intensive care
  • Patient safety
  • Mechanical ventilation

Background:

  • Unplanned extubations are frequent safety events in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs).
  • Understanding their frequency and characteristics is crucial for improving care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the frequency and characteristics of unplanned extubations in a NICU.
  • To identify factors associated with unplanned extubations.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study in a NICU.
  • Review of medical records for patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation.
  • Statistical analysis comparing unplanned extubation cases with control cases.

Main Results:

  • 18.1% of 958 newborns required invasive mechanical ventilation.
  • 28 neonates (16.1% of ventilated patients) experienced unplanned extubations.
  • A significant decrease in unplanned extubations was observed in the last three years (p = 0.0158).
  • Low birth weight (< 1500 g) and sedation were statistically correlated with unplanned extubations.

Conclusions:

  • Unplanned extubations remain a concern in NICUs but show a decreasing trend.
  • Patient birth weight and the use of sedation during ventilation are significant factors influencing unplanned extubations.