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Maternal ABO Discrepancy Caused by Massive Fetomaternal Hemorrhage: a Case Report
Clinical Laboratory
|June 10, 2021
Summary
Massive fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) can cause fetal anemia and maternal ABO discrepancies. This case highlights the importance of considering FMH in pregnant women with mixed-field agglutination.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Transfusion Medicine
- Fetal Medicine
Background:
- Fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) can cause severe fetal anemia and may be underdiagnosed.
- Routine testing for FMH is not standard practice, potentially leading to missed diagnoses.
- This report details a rare case involving significant FMH.
Observation:
- A 42-year-old pregnant woman presented with fetal distress at 36 5/7 weeks gestation.
- The infant was born with severe anemia via cesarean section.
- Maternal blood typing revealed an ABO discrepancy with unusual hemoglobin elevation.
Findings:
- The ABO discrepancy and elevated maternal hemoglobin suggested FMH.
- The Kleihauer-Betke (K-B) test confirmed massive fetomaternal hemorrhage.
- This indicated a significant fetal blood loss into the maternal circulation.
Implications:
- Massive FMH can manifest as ABO discrepancies in maternal blood typing.
- Clinicians should consider FMH in pregnant patients with mixed-field agglutination.
- Early identification and management of FMH are crucial for fetal well-being.
