Biophotonic probes for bio-detection and imaging

Area of Science:

• Biophotonics
• Biomedical Sciences
• Materials Science

Background:

• Conventional photonic structures face limitations due to incompatibility and invasiveness when interfacing with biological systems.
• There is a growing demand for photonic structures that can manipulate light at small scales for sensitive bio-detection and precise cellular imaging.
• Artificial materials (inorganic or toxic organic) used in conventional probes can cause adverse reactions in biological environments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review advances in biophotonic probes designed for bio-detection and imaging.
• To highlight the development and application of biological entities-based photonic probes.
• To discuss the potential of these probes in enhancing biocompatibility and minimizing invasiveness.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of literature on biophotonic probes.
• Focus on probes utilizing natural biological materials (viruses, cells, tissues).
• Analysis of optical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of biological entity-based probes.

Main Results:

• Biological entity-based photonic probes offer superior biocompatibility and biodegradability.
• These probes demonstrate multifunctional light manipulation capabilities, including generation, transportation, and modulation.
• Representative examples include biological lasers, cell-based biophotonic waveguides, and bio-microlenses for bio-detection and imaging.

Conclusions:

• Biophotonic probes derived from natural materials represent a promising advancement in bio-detection and imaging.
• These probes offer multifunctional light manipulation with enhanced biocompatibility and minimal invasiveness.
• Future opportunities lie in further optimizing these probes for diverse biomedical applications.