The Relationship Between Fragility Fractures and Pain Experience: A Systematic Review

Purpose: This systematic review is conducted to explore the relationship between fragility fractures and pain experience. Methods: We searched for relevant studies on Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library without restrictions on language from inception until February 4th, 2021. The risk of bias and methodological quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and ROBINS-I tool. Results: Twenty-one studies were included in this systematic review. The so-called study reported participants with continuous post-fracture pain. The included studies showed that post- fractured pain can decrease with time, however, the continual pain can last at least 1 year even longer, and some participants would need to self-manage pain. Moreover, the limited range of motion was considered as a factor that might distress the normal development of daily activities. Conclusions: The current evidence could not fully support that pain continues to influence patients' lives after a fragility fracture. However, it still showed the pain might come with fracture. The findings also could be useful to help health care providers better recognize and manage this clinical consequence of fractures. Nonetheless, future large-scale longitudinal studies will be required to evaluate the long-term effects of pain in fragility fractures.