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Coronary heart disease and COVID-19: A meta-analysis

Chendi Liang1, Weijun Zhang2, Shuzhen Li3

  • 1Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.

Medicina Clinica (English Ed.)
|June 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Patients with coronary heart disease face a significantly higher risk of poor outcomes, including mortality and severe illness, when diagnosed with COVID-19. This meta-analysis highlights coronary heart disease as a critical risk factor for adverse COVID-19 prognosis.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic, declared by the WHO in March 2020, has led to a global increase in infections.
  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a prevalent condition, and its impact on COVID-19 prognosis requires thorough investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis investigating the prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases up to November 20, 2020.
  • Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata version 14.0, including data from 40 studies with 22,148 patients.

Main Results:

  • Coronary heart disease was significantly associated with a poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients (OR=3.42).
  • Subgroup analyses revealed CHD is linked to increased mortality (OR=3.75), severe/critical illness (OR=3.23), ICU admission (OR=2.25), and disease progression (OR=3.01).
  • Meta-regression indicated hypertension influences the CHD-COVID-19 prognosis association, with lower hypertension proportions (<30%) showing a higher risk (OR=4.78).

Conclusions:

  • Coronary heart disease is identified as a significant risk factor for poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients.
  • These findings underscore the importance of managing CHD in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19Coronary heart diseaseMeta-analysis

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