[Biomarkers in Heart Failure: Current and Future]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Biomarker Discovery
• Translational Medicine

Background:

• Heart failure (HF) is a major cause of cardiovascular disease mortality and hospitalization.
• Current diagnostic methods, including instrumental techniques and biomarkers like natriuretic peptides (NUP), have limitations, particularly for HF with preserved ejection fraction and chronic HF prediction.
• Existing NUP understanding has evolved, necessitating new biomarkers for improved HF insight and personalized treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in natriuretic peptides (NUP) for heart failure (HF) diagnosis and management.
• To discuss novel and promising biomarkers for enhancing HF diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized treatment.
• To explore the potential clinical utility of emerging biomarkers in understanding HF pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent reports on natriuretic peptides (NUP) in heart failure (HF).
• Analysis of current research on novel biomarkers for HF diagnosis and phenotyping.
• Discussion of transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analyses for biomarker identification in HF.

Main Results:

• Natriuretic peptides (NUP) are established biomarkers but their limitations highlight the need for new diagnostic tools.
• Emerging biomarkers identified through omics technologies show promise for improving HF detection and patient stratification.
• Personalized phenotyping through novel biomarkers could lead to more tailored HF treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

• Current diagnostic approaches for heart failure (HF) require enhancement, particularly for specific patient subgroups.
• Novel biomarkers, alongside updated understanding of natriuretic peptides (NUP), are crucial for advancing HF care.
• Further research into novel biomarkers holds significant potential for personalized medicine in heart failure management.