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Related Concept Videos

Minerals01:26

Minerals

674
Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.
 
Major...
674
Corrosion02:49

Corrosion

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The degradation of metals due to natural electrochemical processes is known as corrosion. Rust formation on iron, tarnishing of silver, and the blue-green patina that develops on copper are examples of corrosion. Corrosion involves the oxidation of metals. Sometimes it is protective, such as the oxidation of copper or aluminum, wherein a protective layer of metal oxide or its derivatives forms on the surface, protecting the underlying metal from further oxidation. In other cases, corrosion is...
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Standard Electrode Potentials03:02

Standard Electrode Potentials

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On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
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EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents01:26

EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents

880
EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
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Cofactors and Coenzymes01:27

Cofactors and Coenzymes

85.2K
Enzymes require additional components for proper function. There are two such classes of molecules: cofactors and coenzymes. Cofactors are metallic ions and coenzymes are non-protein organic molecules. Both of these types of helper molecule can be tightly bound to the enzyme or bound only when the substrate binds.
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Cofactors and Coenzymes01:24

Cofactors and Coenzymes

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Enzymes are proteins made of amino acids. The functional group of each constituent amino acid catalyzes a wide variety of chemical reactions via ionic interactions or acid-base reactions. However, amino acids cannot catalyze oxidation-reduction and group transfer reactions and need to be aided by non-protein components called cofactors. Cofactors are also referred to as the chemical teeth of an enzyme.
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Author Spotlight: Exploring Cellular Zinc Regulation Through ZnT1 Functionality
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Author Spotlight: Exploring Cellular Zinc Regulation Through ZnT1 Functionality

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Zinc.

Anatoly V Skalny1, Michael Aschner2, Alexey A Tinkov1

  • 1IM Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia; Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia.

Advances in Food and Nutrition Research
|June 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Zinc (Zn) status is linked to various diseases, including neurodevelopmental disorders, diabetes, and obesity. This review highlights Zn

Keywords:
AutismDiabetesInfertilityNeurodegenerationObesity

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Human Health
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Zinc deficiency was recognized in 1961, with growing evidence linking altered zinc status to numerous diseases.
  • Recent research (2010-20) has elucidated zinc's multifaceted roles in health and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding zinc's role in health and disease.
  • To focus on neurodegenerative/neurodevelopmental disorders, metabolic diseases, reproduction, and COVID-19.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies published between 2010 and 2020.
  • Synthesis of findings on zinc's involvement in specific health conditions.

Main Results:

  • Zinc status is associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk and severity, involving synaptic plasticity and gut microbiota.
  • Reduced systemic zinc levels are observed in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
  • Zinc influences adipose tissue physiology, impacting obesity and type 2 diabetes.
  • Zinc plays a role in male and female reproductive functions.
  • Zinc shows potential as an adjuvant therapy for COVID-19.

Conclusions:

  • Zinc is crucial for neurological function, metabolic health, and reproduction.
  • Altered zinc metabolism is implicated in various pathologies, including neurodegeneration and metabolic disorders.
  • Zinc holds promise for managing infectious diseases like COVID-19.