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Published on: January 19, 2024
Emerging topical therapies to treat pigmentary disorders: an evidence-based approach
Sophia Hu1,2, Melissa R Laughter1,2, Jaclyn B Anderson1,2
1Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
Background:
Hyperpigmentation disorders are commonly encountered in dermatology clinics. The use of prescription-grade and over-the-counter topical lightening agents has increased in popularity, leading to a substantial growth of research over the past decade.
Objective:
We seek to review clinical studies evaluating the use of different Rx-grade and OTC ingredients in treating hyperpigmentation.
Methods And Materials:
A comprehensive search on PubMed was conducted to identify patient-based evidence on the most common ingredients used as topical lightening agents: arbutin, ascorbic acid, cysteamine, hydroquinone, kojic acid, niacinamide, retinoids, and triple-combination therapy. The topicals were classified as either prescription-grade or over-the-counter.
Results:
Varying levels of evidence support the use of topicals in treating hyperpigmentation. There were more clinical trials examining Rx-grade products than OTC products. Mild but tolerated side effects are noted in many of these agents.
Conclusion:
Careful monitoring and adjustment of doses will be needed to maximize skin lightening benefits and minimize side effects.
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