A clustering-triggered emission strategy for tunable multicolor persistent phosphorescence.

Area of Science:

• Organic Chemistry
• Materials Science
• Photophysics

Background:

• Achieving tunable multicolor phosphorescence in single-component systems remains a challenge.
• Conventional luminophores often rely on extensive π-bonding, limiting design flexibility.
• Understanding emission mechanisms in non-conventional luminophores is crucial for developing new light-emitting materials.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and validate a clustering-triggered emission (CTE) strategy for tunable multicolor phosphorescence.
• To investigate the role of clustered chromophores and conformational rigidification in single-component phosphorescence.
• To explore the potential of non-conventional, oxygen-rich luminophores for light emission applications.

Main Methods:

• Utilized simple, non-conventional luminophores (d-xylose, pentaerythritol, d-fructose, d-galactose) as a model system.
• Investigated concentrated solutions and crystals at cryogenic (77 K) and ambient conditions.
• Employed single crystal structure analysis and theoretical calculations to elucidate intermolecular interactions.

Main Results:

• Demonstrated remarkable multicolor phosphorescence afterglows in response to varying excitation wavelengths.
• Observed the formation of diverse oxygen clusters with rigid conformations, driving the phosphorescence.
• Confirmed intra- and inter-molecular O⋯O interactions as key to the observed phenomenon.

Conclusions:

• The proposed CTE strategy offers a simple and effective route to tunable multicolor phosphorescence in single-component pure organics.
• Heterogeneous clustered chromophores and conformational rigidification are critical for achieving this effect.
• Findings provide new insights into the emission mechanisms of non-conventional luminophores and have implications for organic electronics and sensing.