Generative Models for Extrapolation Prediction in Materials Informatics

We report a deep generative model for regression tasks in materials informatics. The model is introduced as a component of a data imputer and predicts more than 20 diverse experimental properties of organic molecules. The imputer is designed to predict material properties by "imagining" the missing data in the database, enabling the use of incomplete material data. Even removing 60% of the data does not diminish the prediction accuracy in a model task. Moreover, the model excels at extrapolation prediction, where target values of the test data are out of the range of the training data. Such an extrapolation has been regarded as an essential technique for exploring novel materials but has hardly been studied to date due to its difficulty. We demonstrate that the prediction performance can be improved by >30% by using the imputer compared with traditional linear regression and boosting models. The benefit becomes especially pronounced with few records for an experimental property (<100 cases) when prediction would be difficult by conventional methods. The presented approach can be used to more efficiently explore functional materials and break through previous performance limits.