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Perinatal stroke: mapping and modulating developmental plasticity.

Adam Kirton1,2,3,4,5,6, Megan J Metzler7,8,9,10, Brandon T Craig7,11,8,9

  • 1Calgary Pediatric Stroke Program, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada. Adam.kirton@ahs.ca.

Nature Reviews. Neurology
|June 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Perinatal stroke causes hemiparetic cerebral palsy, impacting millions. Research increasingly maps motor networks and explores therapies like neurostimulation and robotics to improve developmental plasticity and outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Pediatric Neurology

Background:

  • Hemiparetic cerebral palsy (CP) frequently results from perinatal stroke, leading to significant lifelong disability.
  • Early unilateral brain injury in perinatal stroke serves as a crucial model for understanding developmental plasticity.
  • Advances in neuroimaging and brain stimulation enhance our comprehension of motor system development post-stroke.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the epidemiology and outcomes of perinatal stroke.
  • To review models of developmental plasticity following perinatal stroke.
  • To examine current and emerging therapeutic strategies for improving outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on perinatal stroke, developmental plasticity, and therapeutic interventions.
  • Analysis of neuroimaging and brain stimulation techniques in mapping motor networks.
  • Discussion of occupational therapies, neurostimulation, brain-computer interfaces, and robotics.

Main Results:

  • Perinatal stroke significantly impacts motor development, creating unique network adaptations.
  • Developmental plasticity offers potential for recovery and functional improvement.
  • Existing therapies show promise, with novel approaches offering future hope.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding developmental plasticity is key to addressing hemiparetic cerebral palsy.
  • A combination of established and novel therapies, including neurostimulation and robotics, holds promise for improving patient outcomes.
  • Continued research into perinatal stroke and its effects on the developing brain is essential.