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Updated: Nov 2, 2025
Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells
Published on: March 16, 2017
Small-molecule probes for fluorescent detection of cellular hypoxia-related nitroreductase
Jian Qiao1, Mingying Wang2, Menghan Cui2
1Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China; School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
Abstract:
Nitroreductase is a reductase that catalyzes nitro aromatic compounds to aromatic amines. It effectively reduces nitro to hydroxylamine or amino when in the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. In terms of tumor, nitroreductase is upregulated in hypoxic tumor cells, and its content is directly related to the degree of hypoxia. Therefore, effective detection of nitroreductase is important not only for the study of cellular hypoxia, but also for the diagnosis and treatment of tumors and related diseases. In this review, we summarized the latest advances in small-molecule fluorescent probes for nitroreductase detection based on different fluorescence mechanisms, with a focus on research conducted between May 2018 and December 2020. The development trends and application prospect in this rapidly developing field were also highlighted.
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