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Related Experiment Video

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Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design
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Body dysmorphic disorder and self-esteem: a meta-analysis.

Nora Kuck1, Lara Cafitz1, Paul-Christian Bürkner2

  • 1Department of Psychology and Sport Science, University of Münster, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

BMC Psychiatry
|June 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is strongly linked to low self-esteem, even when accounting for depression. This meta-analysis confirms that negative self-evaluation in BDD extends beyond appearance, highlighting the need to address self-esteem in treatment.

Keywords:
Appearance concernsBody dysmorphic disorderBody imageMeta-analysisSelf-esteem

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition characterized by obsessive preoccupation with perceived flaws in appearance.
  • Low self-esteem is frequently observed in individuals with BDD, but the precise nature and strength of this association, particularly in relation to depressive symptoms, require further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a meta-analysis examining the cross-sectional relationship between BDD symptom severity and global self-esteem.
  • To investigate the moderating role of depressive symptom severity and other factors in this relationship across diverse samples.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search identified relevant studies assessing BDD symptoms and self-esteem.
  • Random effects meta-analysis was employed, including artifact and variance correction methods.
  • Partial correlations were analyzed to control for depressive symptom severity.

Main Results:

  • A moderately negative correlation was found between BDD symptom severity and global self-esteem (artifact-corrected r = -.45).
  • Depressive symptom severity partially explained this relationship (artifact-corrected pr = -.23).
  • Sample type and BDD diagnosis moderated the relationship before artifact correction, but not after.

Conclusions:

  • Low self-esteem is a significant characteristic of BDD, independent of depressive symptoms.
  • Negative self-perceptions in BDD encompass broader domains than just physical appearance.
  • Interventions targeting self-esteem and core beliefs are crucial for BDD prevention and treatment.