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Related Concept Videos

Plastic Behavior01:21

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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
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The stress-strain relationship in ductile materials such as structural steel or aluminium is intricate and progresses through several stages. When a specimen is loaded, it initially exhibits a linear length increase, depicted by a steep straight line on the stress-strain diagram. It indicates the material is elastically deforming and will return to its original shape once unloaded. However, when a critical stress value is reached, plastic deformation begins. This stage sees substantial...
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Structural proteins are a category of proteins responsible for functions ranging from cell shape and movement to providing support to major structures such as bones, cartilage, hair, and muscles. This group includes proteins such as collagen, actin, myosin, and keratin.
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It is essential to understand how structural members behave under plastic deformation when the bending stress exceeds the material's yield strength. This state of deformation permanently alters the shape of the member, in contrast to the linear elastic behavior observed before yielding. The strain at any point in the member is expressed in terms of maximum strain. Notably, the neutral axis, which coincides with the centroid during elastic bending, shifts away from the centroid under plastic...
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As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
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Preparation of 3D Collagen Gels and Microchannels for the Study of 3D Interactions In Vivo
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Strain localization and yielding dynamics in disordered collagen networks.

Swarnadeep Bakshi1, Vaisakh V M2, Ritwick Sarkar1

  • 1Soft Condensed Matter Group, Raman Research Institute, Bengaluru 560080, India. smajumdar@rri.res.in.

Soft Matter
|June 16, 2021
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Summary

We investigated how collagen networks fail under stress, revealing that localized slipping and detachment precede macroscopic breakdown. This understanding is key for developing robust biomaterials and tissue engineering scaffolds.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Biophysics
  • Extracellular Matrix Research

Background:

  • Collagen is the primary structural protein in mammals, crucial for connective tissue mechanics and cellular regulation.
  • Collagen networks exhibit strain-stiffening, but the link between local deformation and overall network failure remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the yielding dynamics and failure mechanisms of in vitro reconstituted type-I collagen networks.
  • To correlate macroscopic network failure with local deformation and slippage phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized shear rheology combined with in situ high-resolution boundary imaging to study collagen network mechanics.
  • Employed colloidal tracer particles to measure local velocity profiles and identify strain localization.
  • Developed a continuum affine network model to map network behavior and predict failure points.

Main Results:

  • Observed an initial increase in differential shear modulus (K) followed by a drop beyond the yield strain, indicating network yielding.
  • Identified strain localization and slippage at the network-rheometer interface preceding macroscopic failure.
  • Demonstrated that these yielding dynamics are consistent across varying collagen concentrations, strain rates, and polymerization temperatures.

Conclusions:

  • Macroscopic failure in collagen networks is driven by localized deformation, strain-localization, and interface slippage.
  • The findings provide critical insights into the mechanical resilience of collagen networks, with implications for tissue engineering and biomaterial design.