Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 2, 2025

Formation of Dispersible Taohong Siwu Tablets
Published on: February 3, 2023
Immediate-Release Formulations Produced via Twin-Screw Melt Granulation: Systematic Evaluation of the Addition of
Kristina E Steffens1, Karl G Wagner2
1Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str.3, 53121, Bonn, Germany.
Abstract:
The current study evaluated the effect of location and amount of various superdisintegrants on the properties of tablets made by twin-screw melt granulation (TSMG). Sodium-croscarmellose (CCS), crospovidone (CPV), and sodium starch glycolate (SSG) were used in various proportions intra- and extra-granular. Tabletability, compactibility, compressibility as well as friability, disintegration, and dissolution performance were assessed. The extra-granular addition resulted in the fasted disintegration and dissolution. CPV performed superior to CCS and SSG. Even if the solid fraction (SF) of the granules was lower for CPV, only a minor decrease in tabletability was observed, due to the high plastic deformation of the melt granules. The intra-granular addition of CPV resulted in a more prolonged dissolution profile, which could be correlated to a loss in porosity during tableting. The 100% intra-granular addition of the CPV resulted in a distinct decrease of the disintegration efficiency, whereas the performance of SSG was unaffected by the granulation process. CCS was not suitable to be used for the production of an immediate-release formulation, when added in total proportion into the granulation phase, but its efficiency was less impaired compared to CPV. Shortest disintegration (78 s) and dissolution (Q80: 4.2 min) was achieved with CPV extra-granular. Using CPV and CCS intra-granular resulted in increased disintegration time and Q80. However, at a higher level of appx. 500 s and appx. 15 min, only SSG showed a process and location independent disintegration and dissolution performance.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Factors Influencing Drug Absorption: Pharmaceutical Parameters
Formulation and Manufacturing Process: Physical Attributes of Generic Tablets and Capsules
In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models I
In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Alternative Methods
Factors Affecting Dissolution: Particle Size and Effective Surface Area
In Vitro Drug Dissolution: Compendial Testing Models II

