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External Beam Radiotherapy in Western Africa: 1969-2019.

N Taku1, A Polo2, E H Zubizarreta2

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.

Clinical Oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain))
|June 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Megavoltage radiotherapy machines (MVMs) in Western Africa increased significantly over 50 years, especially in the last decade. Despite temporary declines due to non-operational equipment, overall radiotherapy capacity has improved.

Keywords:
Cobalt-60West Africalinear acceleratorradiotherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Radiotherapy is crucial for cancer treatment.
  • Access to megavoltage radiotherapy machines (MVMs) varies globally.
  • Understanding MVM distribution in Western Africa is essential for improving cancer care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To document the absolute and per capita numbers of MVMs in Western Africa from 1969 to 2019.
  • To analyze trends in radiotherapy machine availability over five decades.
  • To assess the radiotherapy capacity in relation to population and cancer incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Defined Western Africa according to UN standards (16 countries).
  • Conducted a literature search for cobalt-60 (CO) and linear accelerator (LINAC) numbers.
  • Utilized World Bank and IARC data for population and cancer rates to calculate MVM ratios.

Main Results:

  • MVM numbers increased from zero in 1969 to 22 in 2019.
  • Nine countries (56.3%) lacked external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) history.
  • The ratio of persons per MVM improved from 67.0 in 1979 to 17.8 in 2019.

Conclusions:

  • Western African nations show increased MVM numbers and per capita radiotherapy capacity over 50 years.
  • Non-functional LINACs caused temporary EBRT infrastructure decline.
  • Dual use of CO/LINAC technologies can enhance EBRT availability in multi-MVM centers.