Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 1, 2025
Quantification of Orofacial Phenotypes in Xenopus
Published on: November 6, 2014
Family history in non-syndromic orofacial clefts: Is there a pattern?
Carolina Maia Silva1, Maria Carolina de Moraes Pereira1, Thaís Bernardes de Queiroz1
1Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of Sao Paulo (Post-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences-HRAC/USP), Bauru, Brazil.
Objective:
To survey the frequency and pattern of family history for non-syndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFC). Initial hypothesis: more complex forms have a higher frequency of positive family history.
Materials And Methods:
A retrospective study was carried with 2,668 subjects with three different types of clefts (CL Group (cleft lip), CLP Group (cleft lip and palate), and CP group (cleft palate)); family history information was collected. The Chi-square (X2 ) and Z-test were used.
Results:
A positive family history was found in 31% of the sample. The CLP Group had highest percentage and highest proportion of affected relatives, being these factors statistically significant when compared to the CP Group. Comparisons between the CLP Male and CL Male with CP Male were statistically significant. First-degree kinship was the most frequently found.
Conclusions:
The initial hypothesis was confirmed, subjects with CLP had the highest percentage of positive family history, the highest proportion of affected relatives and had more affected relatives in comparison with CP. It is more common to find affected relatives in the CLP Male and CL Male groups when compared with CP Male. CLP and CP groups present a pattern of occurrence of the type of cleft in the family.
Related Concept Videos
01:35Pedigree Analysis
01:22Sutures of the Skull
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
01:23Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
01:15Teeth
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin...
01:11Genetic Lingo
01:33Pleiotropy