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Molar incisor hypomineralization: A review and prevalence in Japan
Masato Saitoh1, Seikou Shintani2
1Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan.
Abstract:
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is defined as hypomineralization of systemic origin of one to four first permanent molars, and incisors are also frequently affected. This disorder is a serious concern in pediatric dentistry. Teeth affected by MIH have many dental problems, such as hypersensitivity, poor aesthetics, and rapid progression of dental caries. The prevalence of MIH ranges from 2.8% to 21% among studies with more than 1000 subjects in different countries and age groups. The etiology of MIH is unclear, but genetic and environmental factors have been proposed. This review describes the prevalence, etiology, and clinical management of MIH. A detailed description of MIH prevalence in Japan is also provided.
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