Mask Compliance Training for Individuals With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

Area of Science:

• Behavioral science
• Public health interventions
• Disability studies

Background:

• Public masking is recommended to reduce novel coronavirus transmission.
• Mask-wearing tolerance presents challenges for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs).

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate behavioral strategies for promoting mask-wearing compliance in hospitalized individuals with IDDs.
• To assess the effectiveness of interventions in increasing mask tolerance duration.

Main Methods:

• A changing-criterion design was employed with six hospitalized participants diagnosed with IDDs.
• Interventions included blocking mask removal, reinforcement for mask wearing, and noncontingent access to preferred activities.
• Gradual increases in required mask-wearing duration were implemented.

Main Results:

• Mask-wearing compliance increased for all participants.
• Four out of five participants who initially struggled with mask tolerance reached the terminal duration goal.
• Activity engagement alone was insufficient for improving compliance in most participants.

Conclusions:

• Behavioral strategies are effective in promoting mask-wearing compliance among individuals with IDDs.
• Gradual increases in duration and specific interventions can improve mask tolerance.
• Further research may be needed for individuals who do not reach terminal goals.