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Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

211.0K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
211.0K
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

5.7K
Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
5.7K
Facilitated Transport01:19

Facilitated Transport

16.0K
The chemical and physical properties of plasma membranes cause them to be selectively permeable. Since plasma membranes have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, substances need to be able to transverse both regions. The hydrophobic area of membranes repels substances such as charged ions. Therefore, such substances need special membrane proteins to cross a membrane successfully. In  facilitated transport, also known as facilitated diffusion, molecules and ions travel across a...
16.0K
Facilitated Transport01:19

Facilitated Transport

141.2K
The chemical and physical properties of plasma membranes cause them to be selectively permeable. Since plasma membranes have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, substances need to be able to transverse both regions. The hydrophobic area of membranes repels substances such as charged ions. Therefore, such substances need special membrane proteins to cross a membrane successfully. In  facilitated transport, also known as facilitated diffusion, molecules and ions travel across a...
141.2K
Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

813
The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
In this process, substrates such as organic compounds and ions interact with a transporter on one side, triggering conformational changes in proteins that enable...
813
Carrier-Mediated Transport01:06

Carrier-Mediated Transport

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Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
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Mapping Molecular Diffusion in the Plasma Membrane by Multiple-Target Tracing MTT
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Mapping Molecular Diffusion in the Plasma Membrane by Multiple-Target Tracing MTT

Published on: May 27, 2012

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Multivalent Diffusive Transport.

Antonia Kowalewski1, Nancy R Forde1, Chapin S Korosec1

  • 1Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|June 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a model for multivalent diffusive transport, showing how walker design impacts movement. This research guides the creation of efficient molecular transporters by optimizing multivalency and span.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Chemical Physics
  • Computational Chemistry

Background:

  • Multivalent interactions are crucial in biological systems.
  • Understanding diffusive transport is key for molecular machines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model and simulate multivalent diffusive transport.
  • To derive an analytical expression for the diffusion coefficient.
  • To guide the design of efficient molecular transporters.

Main Methods:

  • Monte Carlo simulations using the Gillespie algorithm.
  • Simulated 100 distinct walker designs.
  • Derived an analytical expression for diffusion coefficient.

Main Results:

  • Diffusion coefficient depends on multivalency, span, and dissociation constant (Kd).
  • Identified key design parameters for optimizing transport.
  • Provided insights into balancing diffusivity and processivity.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model accurately describes multivalent diffusive transport.
  • Findings offer a framework for designing enhanced molecular transporters.
  • Optimizing multivalency and span is critical for efficient transport.