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    This study introduces a novel non-propagation technique to accelerate phase retrieval for wavefront measurement. By converting computations to matrix-vector products, it significantly reduces the computational burden for optical testing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics
    • Optical Testing
    • Wavefront Measurement

    Background:

    • Phase retrieval is a valuable optical testing method.
    • Classical phase retrieval relies on computationally intensive Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) operations for wave propagation.
    • Existing methods face computational burdens in iterative processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a novel non-propagation optimization phase retrieval technique.
    • To accelerate wavefront measurement using FFT-based basis functions.
    • To reduce the computational burden in phase retrieval algorithms.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a non-propagation optimization phase retrieval technique.
    • Converted sampling grids wave diffraction propagation computation to matrix-vector products.
    • Deduced a diffraction basis function using generalized numerical orthogonal polynomial and two-step Fresnel propagation.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved acceleration in wavefront measurement.
    • Reduced computational burden through matrix-vector products.
    • Demonstrated applicability to generally shaped pupils and arbitrarily shaped wavefronts.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed framework offers a universal approach to accelerate phase retrieval.
    • The technique is suitable for a wide range of wavefront measurement applications.
    • Non-propagation optimization significantly enhances the efficiency of optical testing.