Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
Published on: March 20, 2017
MIMO carrier phase recovery for carrier-asynchronous SDM-MIMO reception based on the extended Kalman filter
Abstract:
We propose a novel phase recovery scheme designed for coherent space division multiplexing (SDM) systems with independently-operated asynchronous light sources. The proposed scheme is based on the approach of the extended Kalman filter and is referred to as multiple-input multiple-output carrier phase recovery (MIMO-CPR). In the minimum mean squared error (MMSE) sense, it simultaneously and optimally obtains estimates of the multiple phase errors arising from phase-unlocked asynchronous light sources. To ensure the scheme's application for SDM fibers with a time-varying property, we also describe a modification to incorporate a MIMO equalization scheme and analyze the computational complexity. The performance of the proposed MIMO-CPR scheme is investigated through numerical simulation, which shows that it has a tolerance for the sum linewidth symbol duration product of up to 3.4 × 10-4, 1.0 × 10-4 and 2.2 × 10-5 for QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM signals, respectively, if 1-dB optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) penalty is allowable to achieve BER of 10-3. Transmission experimental results using three spatial modes in a 51-km-long few-mode fiber (FMF) also verify the applicability of the MIMO-CPR scheme to carrier-asynchronous coherent SDM-MIMO systems.
Related Concept Videos
Carrier Generation and Recombination
This process is given by the generation rate G and is efficient due to the conservation of momentum between the valence band maximum and conduction band minimum.
Indirect generation involves an...
Receiver Operating Characteristic Plot
Carrier-Mediated Transport
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear....
Linear Approximation in Time Domain
For a simple pendulum with a mass evenly distributed along its length and the center of mass located at half the pendulum's length,...

