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Related Concept Videos

Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

2.6K
The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 1, 2025

In Vitro Application of a Wireless Sensor in Flexion-Extension Gap Balance of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
07:33

In Vitro Application of a Wireless Sensor in Flexion-Extension Gap Balance of Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty

Published on: May 5, 2023

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[Knee realignment osteotomy in adults].

Markus Heinecke1, Eric Röhner2, Stefan Pietsch2

  • 1Deutsches Zentrum für Orthopädie, Waldkliniken Eisenberg mit Professur für Orthopädie der FSU Jena, Klosterlausnitzer Straße 81, 07607, Eisenberg, Deutschland. m.heinecke@waldkliniken-eisenberg.de.

Der Orthopade
|June 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Osteotomy near the knee joint corrects axial deformities for joint preservation. Precise deformity analysis and surgical technique are key for successful outcomes in treating conditions like gonarthrosis.

Keywords:
Bone malpositionGenu valgumGenu varusKnee jointOsteoarthritis, knee

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Osteotomy near the knee is essential for joint preservation in treating axial deformities.
  • Accurate deformity assessment is critical for restoring physiological leg loading via osteotomy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of precise deformity analysis in knee osteotomy.
  • To discuss established and evolving osteotomy techniques for axial deformities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of established osteotomy procedures, including medial open-wedge and distal femur varus closed-wedge osteotomies.
  • Emphasis on the integration of biological and mechanical principles in osteotomy.

Main Results:

  • Medial open-wedge osteotomy is a standard for varus malalignment-induced gonarthrosis.
  • Varus closed-wedge osteotomy of the distal femur demonstrates favorable long-term outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Correct indication, risk factor management, and surgical technique are paramount for long-term osteotomy success.
  • The understanding of femoral valgus deformity and lateral arthrosis requires re-evaluation based on current evidence.