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Engineered neural circuits for modeling brain physiology and neuropathology
Seokyoung Bang1, Kyeong Seob Hwang2, Sohyeon Jeong3
1Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
Acta Biomaterialia
|June 22, 2021
Summary
Engineered in vitro neural circuits offer a powerful alternative to study the central nervous system. These models provide unprecedented access for real-time monitoring and understanding neural circuit function and disease.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
- Systems Biology
Background:
- Neural circuits regulate essential functions like cognition and motor control.
- Dysfunction in neural circuits is linked to neurodegenerative diseases.
- In vivo studies face limitations due to accessibility and microenvironment complexity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review advances in engineered in vitro neural circuits.
- To highlight fabrication, stimulation, and measurement techniques.
- To showcase applications in understanding neural circuit physiology and disease.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of in vitro neural circuit models using engineering techniques.
- Development of methods for stimulation and real-time monitoring.
- Review of existing literature on engineered neural circuits.
Main Results:
- In vitro neural circuits recapitulate in vivo structural and functional characteristics.
- These models allow for detailed investigation of neural circuit components.
- Applications demonstrated in studying neurodegenerative diseases and traumatic brain injury.
Conclusions:
- Engineered in vitro neural circuits provide a viable alternative to in vivo studies.
- They offer enhanced accessibility for studying neural circuit physiology.
- These models hold significant potential for neuroscience and neuropharmacology research.
