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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
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In proton NMR spectroscopy, primary amines and secondary amines showcase their N–H protons as a broad signal in the chemical shift range between δ 0.5 and 5 ppm. The exact position in this range depends on several factors, including sample concentration, hydrogen bonding, and the type of solvent used. Since amine protons undergo fast proton exchange in solution, the protons are labile and therefore do not participate in any splitting with adjacent protons. Thus, the observed peak is...
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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
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Updated: Nov 1, 2025

A Filter-based Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopic Assay for Rapid Detection of Chemical Contaminants
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Protocol for rapid ammonia detection via surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Yuanchao Liu1, Eamonn Murphy1, Eric O Potma2

  • 1Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center (NFCRC), University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.

STAR Protocols
|June 23, 2021
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Summary

This study introduces a fast method for detecting low ammonia levels in water using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. This technique offers potential for real-time environmental monitoring and industrial process control.

Keywords:
BiophysicsChemistrySurface plasmon resonance (SPR)

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Ammonia is a crucial industrial chemical and a significant environmental pollutant.
  • Accurate and rapid ammonia detection is vital for environmental protection and industrial process management.
  • Existing detection methods may lack the speed or sensitivity required for certain applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a protocol for the rapid and sensitive detection of ammonia in aqueous solutions.
  • To explore the potential of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for ammonia sensing.
  • To demonstrate the applicability of the developed method for operando and in situ monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for ammonia detection.
  • Developed a protocol for quantifying low concentrations of ammonia in the aqueous phase.
  • Focused on achieving rapid detection speeds suitable for dynamic monitoring.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated a protocol for rapid detection of low ammonia amounts.
  • The SERS-based approach achieved high sensitivity for aqueous ammonia.
  • The method's speed and mechanism show promise for advanced applications.

Conclusions:

  • Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy provides a viable platform for sensitive and rapid ammonia detection.
  • The developed protocol is suitable for monitoring ammonia in aqueous environments.
  • This technique holds significant potential for operando electrochemical catalysis and in situ ammonia sensing.